A. Holder-Authhoặcized Transfers

1. Nhà đăng ký Requirements

     Đăng kýed Tên Holders must be able to transfer their tên miền name registrations between Nhà đăng kýs provided that the Gaining Nhà đăng ký's transfer process meets the minimum stvàards of this policy và that such transfer is not prohibited by ICANN hoặc Registry policies. Inter-Nhà đăng ký tên miền name transfer processes must be clear và concise in hoặcder to avoid confusion. Further, Nhà đăng kýs should make reasonable effhoặcts to infhoặcm Đăng kýed Tên Holders of, và provide access to, the published documentation of the specific transfer process employed by the Nhà đăng kýs.

1.1 Transfer Authhoặcities

     The Administrative Liên hệ và the Đăng kýed Tên Holder, as listed in the Losing Nhà đăng ký's hoặc applicable Registry's (wtại đây available) publicly accessible WHOIS Dịch vụ are the only parties that have the authhoặcity to approve hoặc deny a transfer request to the Gaining Nhà đăng ký. In the event of a dispute, the Đăng kýed Tên Holder's authhoặcity supersedes that of the Administrative Liên hệ.
Nhà đăng kýs may use WHOIS data from either the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd hoặc the relevant Registry fhoặc the purpose of verifying the authenticity of a transfer request; hoặc from another data source as determined by a consensus policy.

2. Gaining Nhà đăng ký Requirements

Fhoặc each instance wtại đây a Đăng kýed Tên Holder requests to transfer a tên miền name registration to a different Nhà đăng ký, the Gaining Nhà đăng ký shall:
      2.1 Obtain express authhoặcization from either the Đăng kýed Tên Holder hoặc the Administrative Liên hệ (tại đâyafter, "Transfer Liên hệ"). Hence, a transfer may only proceed if confirmation of the transfer is received by the Gaining Nhà đăng ký from the Transfer Liên hệ.

     2.1.1 The authhoặcization must be made via a valid Stvàardized Fhoặcm of Authhoặcization (FOA). Ttại đây are two different FOA's available at the ICANN website. The FOA labeled "Initial Authhoặcization fhoặc Nhà đăng ký Transfer" must be used by the Gaining Nhà đăng ký to request an authhoặcization fhoặc a registrar transfer from the Transfer Liên hệ. The FOA labeled "Xác nhậnation of Nhà đăng ký Transfer Request" may be used by the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd to request confirmation of the transfer from the Transfer Liên hệ.
The FOA shall be communicated in English, và any dispute arising out of a transfer request shall be conducted in the English language. Nhà đăng kýs may choose to communicate with the Transfer Liên hệ in additional languages. However, Nhà đăng kýs choosing to exercise such option are responsible fhoặc the accuracy và completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA.

     2.1.2 In the event that the Gaining Nhà đăng ký relies on a physical process to obtain this authhoặcization, a paper copy of the FOA will suffice insofar as it has been signed by the Transfer Liên hệ và further that it is accompanied by a physical copy of the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd's WHOIS output fhoặc the tên miền name in question.

     2.1.2.1 Nếu the Gaining Nhà đăng ký relies on a physical authhoặcization process, then the Gaining Nhà đăng ký assumes the burden of obtaining reliable evidence of the identity of the Transfer Liên hệ và maintaining appropriate rechoặcds proving that such evidence was obtained. Further the Gaining Nhà đăng ký also assumes the burden fhoặc ensuring that the entity making the request is indeed authhoặcized to do so. The acceptable fhoặcms of physical identity are:

• Khôngtarized statement
• Valid Drivers license
• Hộ chiếu
• Article of Inchoặcphoặcation
• Military ID
• State/Government issued ID
• Birth Certificate

     2.1.3 In the event that the Gaining Nhà đăng ký relies on an electronic process to obtain this authhoặcization the acceptable fhoặcms of identity would include:

• Electronic signature in confhoặcmance with national legislation, in the location of the Gaining Nhà đăng ký (if such legislation exists).
• Consent from an individual hoặc entity that has an email address matching the Transfer Liên hệ email address. 

     The Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd may not deny a transfer request solely because it believes that the Gaining Nhà đăng ký has not received the confirmation set fhoặcth above.
A transfer must not be allowed to proceed if no confirmation is received by the Gaining Nhà đăng ký. The presumption in all cases will be that the Gaining Nhà đăng ký has received và authenticated the transfer request made by a Transfer Liên hệ.

     2.2 Request, by the transmission of a "transfer" commvà as specified in the Nhà đăng ký Đếnol Kit, that the Registry Operathoặc database be changed to reflect the new Nhà đăng ký.

     2.2.1 Transmission of a "transfer" commvà constitutes a representation on the part of the Gaining Nhà đăng ký that the requisite authhoặcization has been obtained from the Transfer Liên hệ listed in the authhoặcitative WHOIS database.

     2.2.2 The Gaining Nhà đăng ký is responsible fhoặc validating the Đăng kýed Tên Holder requests to transfer tên miền names between Nhà đăng kýs. However, this does not preclude the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd from exercising its option to independently confirm the Đăng kýed Tên Holder's intent to transfer its tên miền name to the Gaining Nhà đăng ký in acchoặcdance with Section 3 of this policy.

3. Obligations of the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd

     A Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd can choose independently to confirm the intent of the Đăng kýed Tên Holder when a notice of a pending transfer is received from the Registry. The Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must do so in a manner consistent with the stvàards set fhoặcth in this agreement pertaining to Gaining Nhà đăng kýs. In hoặcder to ensure that the fhoặcm of the request employed by the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd is substantially administrative và infhoặcmative in nature và clearly provided to the Transfer Liên hệ fhoặc the purpose of verifying the intent of the Transfer Liên hệ, the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must use the FOA.

     The FOA shall be communicated in English, và any dispute arising out of a transfer request, shall be conducted in the English language. Nhà đăng kýs may choose to communicate with the Transfer Liên hệ in additional languages. However, the Nhà đăng ký choosing to exercise such option is responsible fhoặc the accuracy và completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA. Further, such non-English communications must follow the processes và procedures set fhoặcth in this policy. This includes but is not limited to the requirement that no Nhà đăng ký shall add any additional infhoặcmation to the FOA used to obtain the consent of the Transfer Liên hệ in the case of a transfer request.
This requirement does not preclude the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd from marketing to its existing customers through separate communications.
The FOA should be sent by the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd to the Transfer Liên hệ as soon as operationally possible, but must be sent not later than twenty-four (24) hours after receiving the transfer request from the Registry Operathoặc.Failure by the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd to respond within five (5) calendar days to a notification from the Registry regarding a transfer request will result in a default "approval" of the transfer.

     In the event that a Transfer Liên hệ listed in the WHOIS has not confirmed their request to transfer with the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd và the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd has not explicitly denied the transfer request, the default action will be that the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must allow the transfer to proceed.
Upon denying a transfer request fhoặc any of the following reasons, the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must provide the Đăng kýed Tên Holder và the potential Gaining Nhà đăng ký with the reason fhoặc denial. The Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd may deny a transfer request only in the following specific instances:

1. Evidence of fraud
2. UDRP action
3. Court hoặcder by a court of competent jurisdiction
4. Reasonable dispute over the identity of the Đăng kýed Tên Holder hoặc Administrative Liên hệ
5. Không payment fhoặc trướcious registration period (including credit card charge-backs) if the tên miền name is past its expiration date hoặc fhoặc trướcious hoặc current registration periods if the tên miền name has not yet expired. In all such cases, however, the tên miền name must be put into "Nhà đăng ký Hold" status by the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd prihoặc to the denial of transfer.
6. Express written objection to the transfer from the Transfer Liên hệ. (e.g. - email, fax, paper document hoặc other processes by which the Transfer Liên hệ has expressly và voluntarily objected through opt-in means)
7. A tên miền name was already in plock statusq provided that the Nhà đăng ký provides a readily accessible và reasonable means fhoặc the Đăng kýed Tên Holder to remove the lock status.
8. A tên miền name is in the first 60 days of an initial registration period.
9. A tên miền name is within 60 days (hoặc a lesser period to be determined) after being transferred (apart from being transferred back to the hoặciginal Nhà đăng ký in cases wtại đây both Nhà đăng kýs so agree và/hoặc wtại đây a decision in the dispute resolution process so directs).

Instances when the requested change of Nhà đăng ký may not be denied include, but are not limited to:

• Khôngnpayment fhoặc a pending hoặc future registration period
• Không response from the Đăng kýed Tên Holder hoặc Administrative Liên hệ.
• Tên miền name in Nhà đăng ký Lock Trạng thái, unless the Đăng kýed Tên Holder is provided with the reasonable opphoặctunity và ability to unlock the tên miền name prihoặc to the Transfer Request.
• Tên miền name registration period time constraints, other than during the first 60 days of initial registration hoặc during the first 60 days after a registrar transfer.
• General payment defaults between Nhà đăng ký và business partners / affiliates in cases wtại đây the Đăng kýed Tên Holder fhoặc the tên miền in question has paid fhoặc the registration.

     The Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd has other mechanisms available to collect payment from the Đăng kýed Tên Holder that are independent from the Transfer process. Hence, in the event of a dispute over payment, the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must not employ transfer processes as a mechanism to secure payment fhoặc Dịch vụs from a Đăng kýed Tên Holder. Exceptions to this requirement are as follows:
     (i) In the case of non-payment fhoặc trướcious registration period(s) if the transfer is requested after the expiration date, hoặc
     (ii) In the case of non-payment of the current registration period, if transfer is requested befhoặce the expiration date.

4. Nhà đăng ký Cohoặcdination

     Each Nhà đăng ký is responsible fhoặc keeping copies of documentation, including the FOA và the Transfer Liên hệs response ttại đâyto, that may be required fhoặc filing và supphoặcting a dispute under the dispute resolution policy. Gaining Nhà đăng kýs must maintain copies of the FOA as received from the Transfer Liên hệ as per the stvàard document retention policies of the contracts. Copies of the reliable evidence of identity must be kept with the FOA.

     Both the Gaining Nhà đăng ký và the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must provide the evidence relied on fhoặc the transfer during và after the applicable inter-registrar tên miền name transaction(s). Such infhoặcmation must be provided when requested by, và only by, the other Nhà đăng ký that is party to the transfer transaction. Thêmitionally, ICANN, the Registry Operathoặc, a court hoặc authhoặcity with jurisdiction over the matter hoặc a third party dispute resolution panel may also require such infhoặcmation within five (5) days of the request.

     The Gaining Nhà đăng ký must retain, và produce pursuant to a request by a Losing Nhà đăng ký, a written hoặc electronic copy of the FOA. In instances wtại đây the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd has requested copies of the FOA, the Gaining Nhà đăng ký must fulfill the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcds request (including providing the attendant supphoặcting documentation) within five (5) calendar days. Failure to provide this documentation within the time period specified is grounds fhoặc reversal by the Registry Operathoặc hoặc the Dispute Resolution Panel in the event that a transfer complaint is filed in acchoặcdance with the requirements of this policy.

     Nếu either a Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd hoặc a Gaining Nhà đăng ký does not believe that a transfer request was hvàled in acchoặcdance with the provisions of this policy, then the Nhà đăng ký may initiate a dispute resolution procedure as set fhoặcth in Section C of this policy.

     Fhoặc purposes of facilitating transfer requests, Nhà đăng kýs should provide và maintain a unique và private email address fhoặc use only by other Nhà đăng kýs và the Registry:
     i. This email address is fhoặc issue related to transfer requests và the procedures set fhoặcth in this policy only.
     ii. The email address should be managed to ensure messages are received by someone who can respond to the transfer issue.
     iii. Messages received at such email address must be responded to within a commercial reasonable timeframe not to exceed seven (7) calendar days.

5. EPP - based Registry Requirements fhoặc Nhà đăng kýs

     In EPP-based gTLD Registries, Nhà đăng kýs must follow the requirements set fhoặcth below.
Nhà đăng kýs must provide the Đăng kýed Tên Holder with the unique "AuthInfo" code within five (5) calendar days of the Đăng kýed Tên Holder's initial request if the Nhà đăng ký does not provide facilities fhoặc the Đăng kýed Tên Holder to generate và manage their own unique "AuthInfo" code.

     Nhà đăng kýs may not employ any mechanism fhoặc complying with a Đăng kýed Tên Holder's request to obtain the applicable "AuthInfo Code" that is mhoặce restrictive than the mechanisms used fhoặc changing any aspect of the Đăng kýed Tên Holder's contact hoặc name server infhoặcmation.

     The Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd must not refuse to release an "AuthInfo Code" to the Đăng kýed Tên Holder solely because ttại đây is a dispute between the Đăng kýed Tên Holder và the Nhà đăng ký over payment.

Nhà đăng ký-generated "AuthInfo" codes must be unique on a per-tên miền basis.
     The "Auth-Info" codes must be used solely to identify a Đăng kýed Tên Holder, wtại đâyas the FOA's still need to be used fhoặc authhoặcization hoặc confirmation of a transfer request, as described in Section 2 và Section 4 of this policy.

6. Registry Requirements

     Upon receipt of the "transfer" commvà from the Gaining Nhà đăng ký, Registry Operathoặc will transmit an electronic notification to both Nhà đăng kýs. In the case of those Registries that use electronic mail notifications, the response notification may be sent to the unique email address established by each Nhà đăng ký fhoặc the purpose of facilitating transfers.

     The Registry Operathoặc shall complete the requested transfer unless, within five (5) calendar days, Registry Operathoặc receives a NACK protocol commvà from the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd.
When the Registry's database has been updated to reflect the change to the Gaining Nhà đăng ký, Registry Operathoặc will transmit an electronic notification to both Nhà đăng kýs. The notification may be sent to       the unique email address established by each Nhà đăng ký fhoặc the purpose of facilitating transfers hoặc such other email address agreed to by the parties.
The Registry Operathoặc shall undo a transfer if, after a transfer has occurred, the Registry Operathoặc receives one of the notices as set fhoặcth below. In such case, the transfer will be reversed và the tên miền name reset to its hoặciginal state. The Registry Operathoặc must undo the transfer within five (5) calendar days of receipt of the notice except in the case of a Registry dispute decision, in which case the Registry Operathoặc must undo the transfer within fourteen calendar days unless a court action is filed. The notice required shall be one of the following:
     i. Agreement of the Nhà đăng ký of Rechoặcd và the Gaining Nhà đăng ký sent by email, letter hoặc fax that the transfer was made by mistake hoặc was otherwise not in acchoặcdance with the procedures set fhoặcth in this policy;
     ii. The final determination of a dispute resolution body having jurisdiction over the transfer; hoặc
     iii. Order of a court having jurisdiction over the transfer.

7. Rechoặcds of Đăng ký

     Each Nhà đăng ký shall require its customer, the Đăng kýed Tên Holder, to maintain its own rechoặcds appropriate to document và prove the initial tên miền name registration date.

8. Effect on Thời hạn of Đăng ký

     The completion by Registry Operathoặc of a holder-authhoặcized transfer under this Part A shall result in a one-năm extension of the existing registration, provided that in no event shall the total unexpired term of a registration exceed ten (10) năm.

B. ICANN-Approved Transfers

     Transfer of the sponshoặcship of all the registrations sponshoặced by one Nhà đăng ký as the result of (i) acquisition of that Nhà đăng ký hoặc its assets by another Nhà đăng ký, hoặc (ii) lack of accreditation of that Nhà đăng ký hoặc lack of its authhoặcization with the Registry Operathoặc, may be made acchoặcding to the following procedure:
     (a) The gaining Nhà đăng ký must be accredited by ICANN fhoặc the Registry TLD và must have in effect a Registry-Nhà đăng ký Agreement with Registry Operathoặc fhoặc the Registry TLD.
     (b) ICANN must certify in writing to Registry Operathoặc that the transfer would promote the community interest, such as the interest in stability that may be threatened by the actual hoặc imminent business failure of a Nhà đăng ký.
Upon satisfaction of these two conditions, Registry Operathoặc will make the necessary one-time changes in the Registry database fhoặc no charge, fhoặc transfers involving 50,000 name registrations hoặc fewer. Nếu the transfer involves registrations of mhoặce than 50,000 names, Registry Operathoặc will charge the gaining Nhà đăng ký a one-time flat fee of US$ 50,000.

C. Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy

     Procedures fhoặc hvàling disputes concerning inter-registrar transfers are set fhoặcth in the Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy. Procedures in this policy must be followed by the applicable Registry Operathoặcs và ICANN accredited Nhà đăng kýs.