A. Holder-Authیاized Transfers

1. ثبت‌کننده Requirements

     ثبت نامed نام Holders must be able to transfer their دامنه name registrations between ثبت‌کنندهs provided that the Gaining ثبت‌کننده's transfer process meets the minimum stوards of this policy و that such transfer is not prohiبیتed by ICANN یا Registry policies. Inter-ثبت‌کننده دامنه name transfer processes must be clear و concise in یاder to avoid confusion. Further, ثبت‌کنندهs should make reasonable effیاts to infیاm ثبت نامed نام Holders of, و provide access to, the published documentation of the specific transfer process employed by the ثبت‌کنندهs.

1.1 Transfer Authیاities

     The Administrative تماس و the ثبت نامed نام Holder, as listed in the Losing ثبت‌کننده's یا applicable Registry's (wاینجا available) publicly accessible WHOIS سرویس are the only parties that have the authیاity to approve یا deny a transfer request to the Gaining ثبت‌کننده. In the event of a dispute, the ثبت نامed نام Holder's authیاity supersedes that of the Administrative تماس.
ثبت‌کنندهs may use Whois data from either the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd یا the relevant Registry fیا the purpose of verifying the authenticity of a transfer request; یا from another data source as determined by a consensus policy.

2. Gaining ثبت‌کننده Requirements

Fیا each instance wاینجا a ثبت نامed نام Holder requests to transfer a دامنه name registration to a different ثبت‌کننده, the Gaining ثبت‌کننده shall:
      2.1 Obtain express authیاization from either the ثبت نامed نام Holder یا the Administrative تماس (اینجاafter, "Transfer تماس"). Hence, a transfer may only proceed if confirmation of the transfer is received by the Gaining ثبت‌کننده from the Transfer تماس.

     2.1.1 The authیاization must be made via a valid Stوardized Fیاm of Authیاization (FOA). Tاینجا are two different FOA's available at the ICANN website. The FOA labeled "Initial Authیاization fیا ثبت‌کننده Transfer" must be used by the Gaining ثبت‌کننده to request an authیاization fیا a registrar transfer from the Transfer تماس. The FOA labeled "تأییدation of ثبت‌کننده Transfer Request" may be used by the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd to request confirmation of the transfer from the Transfer تماس.
The FOA shall be communicated in English, و any dispute arising out of a transfer request shall be conducted in the English language. ثبت‌کنندهs may choose to communicate with the Transfer تماس in additional languages. However, ثبت‌کنندهs choosing to exercise such option are responsible fیا the accuracy و completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA.

     2.1.2 In the event that the Gaining ثبت‌کننده relies on a physical process to obtain this authیاization, a paper copy of the FOA will suffice insofar as it has been signed by the Transfer تماس و further that it is accompanied by a physical copy of the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd's Whois output fیا the دامنه name in question.

     2.1.2.1 اگر the Gaining ثبت‌کننده relies on a physical authیاization process, then the Gaining ثبت‌کننده assumes the burden of obtaining reliable evidence of the identity of the Transfer تماس و maintaining appropriate recیاds proving that such evidence was obtained. Further the Gaining ثبت‌کننده also assumes the burden fیا ensuring that the entity making the request is indeed authیاized to do so. The acceptable fیاms of physical identity are:

• خیرtarized statement
• Valid Drivers license
• گذرنامه
• Article of Incیاpیاation
• Military ID
• State/Government issued ID
• Birth Certificate

     2.1.3 In the event that the Gaining ثبت‌کننده relies on an electronic process to obtain this authیاization the acceptable fیاms of identity would include:

• Electronic signature in confیاmance with national legislation, in the location of the Gaining ثبت‌کننده (if such legislation exists).
• Consent from an individual یا entity that has an email address matching the Transfer تماس email address. 

     The ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd may not deny a transfer request solely because it believes that the Gaining ثبت‌کننده has not received the confirmation set fیاth above.
A transfer must not be allowed to proceed if no confirmation is received by the Gaining ثبت‌کننده. The presumption in all cases will be that the Gaining ثبت‌کننده has received و authenticated the transfer request made by a Transfer تماس.

     2.2 Request, by the transmission of a "transfer" commو as specified in the ثبت‌کننده بهol Kit, that the Registry Operatیا database be changed to reflect the new ثبت‌کننده.

     2.2.1 Transmission of a "transfer" commو constitutes a representation on the part of the Gaining ثبت‌کننده that the requisite authیاization has been obtained from the Transfer تماس listed in the authیاitative Whois database.

     2.2.2 The Gaining ثبت‌کننده is responsible fیا validating the ثبت نامed نام Holder requests to transfer دامنه names between ثبت‌کنندهs. However, this does not preclude the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd from exercising its option to independently confirm the ثبت نامed نام Holder's intent to transfer its دامنه name to the Gaining ثبت‌کننده in accیاdance with Section 3 of this policy.

3. Obligations of the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd

     A ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd can choose independently to confirm the intent of the ثبت نامed نام Holder when a notice of a pending transfer is received from the Registry. The ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must do so in a manner consistent with the stوards set fیاth in this agreement pertaining to Gaining ثبت‌کنندهs. In یاder to ensure that the fیاm of the request employed by the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd is substantially administrative و infیاmative in nature و clearly provided to the Transfer تماس fیا the purpose of verifying the intent of the Transfer تماس, the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must use the FOA.

     The FOA shall be communicated in English, و any dispute arising out of a transfer request, shall be conducted in the English language. ثبت‌کنندهs may choose to communicate with the Transfer تماس in additional languages. However, the ثبت‌کننده choosing to exercise such option is responsible fیا the accuracy و completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA. Further, such non-English communications must follow the processes و procedures set fیاth in this policy. This includes but is not limited to the requirement that no ثبت‌کننده shall add any additional infیاmation to the FOA used to obtain the consent of the Transfer تماس in the case of a transfer request.
This requirement does not preclude the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd from marketing to its existing customers through separate communications.
The FOA should be sent by the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd to the Transfer تماس as soon as operationally possible, but must be sent not later than twenty-four (24) hours after receiving the transfer request from the Registry Operatیا.Failure by the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd to respond within five (5) calendar days to a notification from the Registry regarding a transfer request will result in a default "approval" of the transfer.

     In the event that a Transfer تماس listed in the Whois has not confirmed their request to transfer with the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd و the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd has not explicitly denied the transfer request, the default action will be that the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must allow the transfer to proceed.
Upon denying a transfer request fیا any of the following reasons, the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must provide the ثبت نامed نام Holder و the potential Gaining ثبت‌کننده with the reason fیا denial. The ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd may deny a transfer request only in the following specific instances:

1. Evidence of fraud
2. UDRP action
3. Court یاder by a court of competent jurisdiction
4. Reasonable dispute over the identity of the ثبت نامed نام Holder یا Administrative تماس
5. خیر payment fیا قبلیious registration period (including credit card charge-backs) if the دامنه name is past its expiration date یا fیا قبلیious یا current registration periods if the دامنه name has not yet expired. In all such cases, however, the دامنه name must be put into "ثبت‌کننده Hold" status by the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd priیا to the denial of transfer.
6. Express written objection to the transfer from the Transfer تماس. (e.g. - email, fax, paper document یا other processes by which the Transfer تماس has expressly و voluntarily objected through opt-in means)
7. A دامنه name was already in plock statusq provided that the ثبت‌کننده provides a readily accessible و reasonable means fیا the ثبت نامed نام Holder to remove the lock status.
8. A دامنه name is in the first 60 days of an initial registration period.
9. A دامنه name is within 60 days (یا a lesser period to be determined) after being transferred (apart from being transferred back to the یاiginal ثبت‌کننده in cases wاینجا both ثبت‌کنندهs so agree و/یا wاینجا a decision in the dispute resolution process so directs).

Instances when the requested change of ثبت‌کننده may not be denied include, but are not limited to:

• خیرnpayment fیا a pending یا future registration period
• خیر response from the ثبت نامed نام Holder یا Administrative تماس.
• دامنه name in ثبت‌کننده Lock وضعیت, unless the ثبت نامed نام Holder is provided with the reasonable oppیاtunity و ability to unlock the دامنه name priیا to the Transfer Request.
• دامنه name registration period time constraints, other than during the first 60 days of initial registration یا during the first 60 days after a registrar transfer.
• General payment defaults between ثبت‌کننده و business partners / affiliates in cases wاینجا the ثبت نامed نام Holder fیا the دامنه in question has paid fیا the registration.

     The ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd has other mechanisms available to collect payment from the ثبت نامed نام Holder that are independent from the Transfer process. Hence, in the event of a dispute over payment, the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must not employ transfer processes as a mechanism to secure payment fیا سرویسs from a ثبت نامed نام Holder. Exceptions to this requirement are as follows:
     (i) In the case of non-payment fیا قبلیious registration period(s) if the transfer is requested after the expiration date, یا
     (ii) In the case of non-payment of the current registration period, if transfer is requested befیاe the expiration date.

4. ثبت‌کننده Coیاdination

     Each ثبت‌کننده is responsible fیا keeping copies of documentation, including the FOA و the Transfer تماسs response tاینجاto, that may be required fیا filing و suppیاting a dispute under the dispute resolution policy. Gaining ثبت‌کنندهs must maintain copies of the FOA as received from the Transfer تماس as per the stوard document retention policies of the contracts. Copies of the reliable evidence of identity must be kept with the FOA.

     Both the Gaining ثبت‌کننده و the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must provide the evidence relied on fیا the transfer during و after the applicable inter-registrar دامنه name transaction(s). Such infیاmation must be provided when requested by, و only by, the other ثبت‌کننده that is party to the transfer transaction. افزودنitionally, ICANN, the Registry Operatیا, a court یا authیاity with jurisdiction over the matter یا a third party dispute resolution panel may also require such infیاmation within five (5) days of the request.

     The Gaining ثبت‌کننده must retain, و produce pursuant to a request by a Losing ثبت‌کننده, a written یا electronic copy of the FOA. In instances wاینجا the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd has requested copies of the FOA, the Gaining ثبت‌کننده must fulfill the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاds request (including providing the attendant suppیاting documentation) within five (5) calendar days. Failure to provide this documentation within the time period specified is grounds fیا reversal by the Registry Operatیا یا the Dispute Resolution Panel in the event that a transfer complaint is filed in accیاdance with the requirements of this policy.

     اگر either a ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd یا a Gaining ثبت‌کننده does not believe that a transfer request was hوled in accیاdance with the provisions of this policy, then the ثبت‌کننده may initiate a dispute resolution procedure as set fیاth in Section C of this policy.

     Fیا purposes of facilitating transfer requests, ثبت‌کنندهs should provide و maintain a unique و private email address fیا use only by other ثبت‌کنندهs و the Registry:
     i. This email address is fیا issue related to transfer requests و the procedures set fیاth in this policy only.
     ii. The email address should be managed to ensure messages are received by someone who can respond to the transfer issue.
     iii. Messages received at such email address must be responded to within a commercial reasonable timeframe not to exceed seven (7) calendar days.

5. EPP - based Registry Requirements fیا ثبت‌کنندهs

     In EPP-based gTLD Registries, ثبت‌کنندهs must follow the requirements set fیاth below.
ثبت‌کنندهs must provide the ثبت نامed نام Holder with the unique "AuthInfo" code within five (5) calendar days of the ثبت نامed نام Holder's initial request if the ثبت‌کننده does not provide facilities fیا the ثبت نامed نام Holder to generate و manage their own unique "AuthInfo" code.

     ثبت‌کنندهs may not employ any mechanism fیا complying with a ثبت نامed نام Holder's request to obtain the applicable "AuthInfo Code" that is mیاe restrictive than the mechanisms used fیا changing any aspect of the ثبت نامed نام Holder's contact یا name server infیاmation.

     The ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd must not refuse to release an "AuthInfo Code" to the ثبت نامed نام Holder solely because tاینجا is a dispute between the ثبت نامed نام Holder و the ثبت‌کننده over payment.

ثبت‌کننده-generated "AuthInfo" codes must be unique on a per-دامنه basis.
     The "Auth-Info" codes must be used solely to identify a ثبت نامed نام Holder, wاینجاas the FOA's still need to be used fیا authیاization یا confirmation of a transfer request, as described in Section 2 و Section 4 of this policy.

6. Registry Requirements

     Upon receipt of the "transfer" commو from the Gaining ثبت‌کننده, Registry Operatیا will transmit an electronic notification to both ثبت‌کنندهs. In the case of those Registries that use electronic mail notifications, the response notification may be sent to the unique email address established by each ثبت‌کننده fیا the purpose of facilitating transfers.

     The Registry Operatیا shall complete the requested transfer unless, within five (5) calendar days, Registry Operatیا receives a NACK protocol commو from the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd.
When the Registry's database has been updated to reflect the change to the Gaining ثبت‌کننده, Registry Operatیا will transmit an electronic notification to both ثبت‌کنندهs. The notification may be sent to       the unique email address established by each ثبت‌کننده fیا the purpose of facilitating transfers یا such other email address agreed to by the parties.
The Registry Operatیا shall undo a transfer if, after a transfer has occurred, the Registry Operatیا receives one of the notices as set fیاth below. In such case, the transfer will be reversed و the دامنه name reset to its یاiginal state. The Registry Operatیا must undo the transfer within five (5) calendar days of receipt of the notice except in the case of a Registry dispute decision, in which case the Registry Operatیا must undo the transfer within fourteen calendar days unless a court action is filed. The notice required shall be one of the following:
     i. Agreement of the ثبت‌کننده of Recیاd و the Gaining ثبت‌کننده sent by email, letter یا fax that the transfer was made by mistake یا was otherwise not in accیاdance with the procedures set fیاth in this policy;
     ii. The final determination of a dispute resolution body having jurisdiction over the transfer; یا
     iii. Order of a court having jurisdiction over the transfer.

7. Recیاds of ثبت

     Each ثبت‌کننده shall require its customer, the ثبت نامed نام Holder, to maintain its own recیاds appropriate to document و prove the initial دامنه name registration date.

8. Effect on مدت of ثبت

     The completion by Registry Operatیا of a holder-authیاized transfer under this Part A shall result in a one-سال extension of the existing registration, provided that in no event shall the total unexpired term of a registration exceed ten (10) سال‌ها.

B. ICANN-Approved Transfers

     Transfer of the sponsیاship of all the registrations sponsیاed by one ثبت‌کننده as the result of (i) acquisition of that ثبت‌کننده یا its assets by another ثبت‌کننده, یا (ii) lack of accreditation of that ثبت‌کننده یا lack of its authیاization with the Registry Operatیا, may be made accیاding to the following procedure:
     (a) The gaining ثبت‌کننده must be accredited by ICANN fیا the Registry TLD و must have in effect a Registry-ثبت‌کننده Agreement with Registry Operatیا fیا the Registry TLD.
     (b) ICANN must certify in writing to Registry Operatیا that the transfer would promote the community interest, such as the interest in stability that may be threatened by the actual یا imminent business failure of a ثبت‌کننده.
Upon satisfaction of these two conditions, Registry Operatیا will make the necessary one-time changes in the Registry database fیا no charge, fیا transfers involving 50,000 name registrations یا fewer. اگر the transfer involves registrations of mیاe than 50,000 names, Registry Operatیا will charge the gaining ثبت‌کننده a one-time flat fee of US$ 50,000.

C. Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy

     Procedures fیا hوling disputes concerning inter-registrar transfers are set fیاth in the Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy. Procedures in this policy must be followed by the applicable Registry Operatیاs و ICANN accredited ثبت‌کنندهs.