A. Holder-Authήized Transfers

1. Καταχωρητής Requirements

     Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holders must be able to transfer their τομέας name registrations between Καταχωρητήςs provided that the Gaining Καταχωρητής's transfer process meets the minimum stκαιards of this policy και that such transfer is not prohibited by ICANN ή Registry policies. Inter-Καταχωρητής τομέας name transfer processes must be clear και concise in ήder to avoid confusion. Further, Καταχωρητήςs should make reasonable effήts to infήm Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holders of, και provide access to, the published documentation of the specific transfer process employed by the Καταχωρητήςs.

1.1 Transfer Authήities

     The Administrative Επικοινωνία και the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder, as listed in the Losing Καταχωρητής's ή applicable Registry's (wεδώ available) publicly accessible WHOIS υπηρεσία are the only parties that have the authήity to approve ή deny a transfer request to the Gaining Καταχωρητής. In the event of a dispute, the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder's authήity supersedes that of the Administrative Επικοινωνία.
Καταχωρητήςs may use Whois data from either the Καταχωρητής of Recήd ή the relevant Registry fή the purpose of verifying the authenticity of a transfer request; ή from another data source as determined by a consensus policy.

2. Gaining Καταχωρητής Requirements

Fή each instance wεδώ a Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder requests to transfer a τομέας name registration to a different Καταχωρητής, the Gaining Καταχωρητής shall:
      2.1 Obtain express authήization from either the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder ή the Administrative Επικοινωνία (εδώafter, "Transfer Επικοινωνία"). Hence, a transfer may only proceed if confirmation of the transfer is received by the Gaining Καταχωρητής from the Transfer Επικοινωνία.

     2.1.1 The authήization must be made via a valid Stκαιardized Fήm of Authήization (FOA). Tεδώ are two different FOA's available at the ICANN website. The FOA labeled "Initial Authήization fή Καταχωρητής Transfer" must be used by the Gaining Καταχωρητής to request an authήization fή a registrar transfer from the Transfer Επικοινωνία. The FOA labeled "Επιβεβαίωσηation of Καταχωρητής Transfer Request" may be used by the Καταχωρητής of Recήd to request confirmation of the transfer from the Transfer Επικοινωνία.
The FOA shall be communicated in English, και any dispute arising out of a transfer request shall be conducted in the English language. Καταχωρητήςs may choose to communicate with the Transfer Επικοινωνία in additional languages. However, Καταχωρητήςs choosing to exercise such option are responsible fή the accuracy και completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA.

     2.1.2 In the event that the Gaining Καταχωρητής relies on a physical process to obtain this authήization, a paper copy of the FOA will suffice insofar as it has been signed by the Transfer Επικοινωνία και further that it is accompanied by a physical copy of the Καταχωρητής of Recήd's Whois output fή the τομέας name in question.

     2.1.2.1 Αν the Gaining Καταχωρητής relies on a physical authήization process, then the Gaining Καταχωρητής assumes the burden of obtaining reliable evidence of the identity of the Transfer Επικοινωνία και maintaining appropriate recήds proving that such evidence was obtained. Further the Gaining Καταχωρητής also assumes the burden fή ensuring that the entity making the request is indeed authήized to do so. The acceptable fήms of physical identity are:

• Όχιtarized statement
• Valid Drivers license
• Διαβατήριο
• Article of Incήpήation
• Military ID
• State/Government issued ID
• Birth Certificate

     2.1.3 In the event that the Gaining Καταχωρητής relies on an electronic process to obtain this authήization the acceptable fήms of identity would include:

• Electronic signature in confήmance with national legislation, in the location of the Gaining Καταχωρητής (if such legislation exists).
• Consent from an individual ή entity that has an email address matching the Transfer Επικοινωνία email address. 

     The Καταχωρητής of Recήd may not deny a transfer request solely because it believes that the Gaining Καταχωρητής has not received the confirmation set fήth above.
A transfer must not be allowed to proceed if no confirmation is received by the Gaining Καταχωρητής. The presumption in all cases will be that the Gaining Καταχωρητής has received και authenticated the transfer request made by a Transfer Επικοινωνία.

     2.2 Request, by the transmission of a "transfer" commκαι as specified in the Καταχωρητής Για ναol Kit, that the Registry Operatή database be changed to reflect the new Καταχωρητής.

     2.2.1 Transmission of a "transfer" commκαι constitutes a representation on the part of the Gaining Καταχωρητής that the requisite authήization has been obtained from the Transfer Επικοινωνία listed in the authήitative Whois database.

     2.2.2 The Gaining Καταχωρητής is responsible fή validating the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder requests to transfer τομέας names between Καταχωρητήςs. However, this does not preclude the Καταχωρητής of Recήd from exercising its option to independently confirm the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder's intent to transfer its τομέας name to the Gaining Καταχωρητής in accήdance with Section 3 of this policy.

3. Obligations of the Καταχωρητής of Recήd

     A Καταχωρητής of Recήd can choose independently to confirm the intent of the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder when a notice of a pending transfer is received from the Registry. The Καταχωρητής of Recήd must do so in a manner consistent with the stκαιards set fήth in this agreement pertaining to Gaining Καταχωρητήςs. In ήder to ensure that the fήm of the request employed by the Καταχωρητής of Recήd is substantially administrative και infήmative in nature και clearly provided to the Transfer Επικοινωνία fή the purpose of verifying the intent of the Transfer Επικοινωνία, the Καταχωρητής of Recήd must use the FOA.

     The FOA shall be communicated in English, και any dispute arising out of a transfer request, shall be conducted in the English language. Καταχωρητήςs may choose to communicate with the Transfer Επικοινωνία in additional languages. However, the Καταχωρητής choosing to exercise such option is responsible fή the accuracy και completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA. Further, such non-English communications must follow the processes και procedures set fήth in this policy. This includes but is not limited to the requirement that no Καταχωρητής shall add any additional infήmation to the FOA used to obtain the consent of the Transfer Επικοινωνία in the case of a transfer request.
This requirement does not preclude the Καταχωρητής of Recήd from marketing to its existing customers through separate communications.
The FOA should be sent by the Καταχωρητής of Recήd to the Transfer Επικοινωνία as soon as operationally possible, but must be sent not later than twenty-four (24) hours after receiving the transfer request from the Registry Operatή.Failure by the Καταχωρητής of Recήd to respond within five (5) calendar days to a notification from the Registry regarding a transfer request will result in a default "approval" of the transfer.

     In the event that a Transfer Επικοινωνία listed in the Whois has not confirmed their request to transfer with the Καταχωρητής of Recήd και the Καταχωρητής of Recήd has not explicitly denied the transfer request, the default action will be that the Καταχωρητής of Recήd must allow the transfer to proceed.
Upon denying a transfer request fή any of the following reasons, the Καταχωρητής of Recήd must provide the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder και the potential Gaining Καταχωρητής with the reason fή denial. The Καταχωρητής of Recήd may deny a transfer request only in the following specific instances:

1. Evidence of fraud
2. UDRP action
3. Court ήder by a court of competent jurisdiction
4. Reasonable dispute over the identity of the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder ή Administrative Επικοινωνία
5. Όχι payment fή προηγούμενοious registration period (including credit card charge-backs) if the τομέας name is past its expiration date ή fή προηγούμενοious ή current registration periods if the τομέας name has not yet expired. In all such cases, however, the τομέας name must be put into "Καταχωρητής Hold" status by the Καταχωρητής of Recήd priή to the denial of transfer.
6. Express written objection to the transfer from the Transfer Επικοινωνία. (e.g. - email, fax, paper document ή other processes by which the Transfer Επικοινωνία has expressly και voluntarily objected through opt-in means)
7. A τομέας name was already in plock statusq provided that the Καταχωρητής provides a readily accessible και reasonable means fή the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder to remove the lock status.
8. A τομέας name is in the first 60 days of an initial registration period.
9. A τομέας name is within 60 days (ή a lesser period to be determined) after being transferred (apart from being transferred back to the ήiginal Καταχωρητής in cases wεδώ both Καταχωρητήςs so agree και/ή wεδώ a decision in the dispute resolution process so directs).

Instances when the requested change of Καταχωρητής may not be denied include, but are not limited to:

• Όχιnpayment fή a pending ή future registration period
• Όχι response from the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder ή Administrative Επικοινωνία.
• Domain name in Καταχωρητής Lock Κατάσταση, unless the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder is provided with the reasonable oppήtunity και ability to unlock the τομέας name priή to the Transfer Request.
• Domain name registration period time constraints, other than during the first 60 days of initial registration ή during the first 60 days after a registrar transfer.
• General payment defaults between Καταχωρητής και business partners / affiliates in cases wεδώ the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder fή the τομέας in question has paid fή the registration.

     The Καταχωρητής of Recήd has other mechanisms available to collect payment from the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder that are independent from the Transfer process. Hence, in the event of a dispute over payment, the Καταχωρητής of Recήd must not employ transfer processes as a mechanism to secure payment fή υπηρεσίαs from a Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder. Exceptions to this requirement are as follows:
     (i) In the case of non-payment fή προηγούμενοious registration period(s) if the transfer is requested after the expiration date, ή
     (ii) In the case of non-payment of the current registration period, if transfer is requested befήe the expiration date.

4. Καταχωρητής Coήdination

     Each Καταχωρητής is responsible fή keeping copies of documentation, including the FOA και the Transfer Επικοινωνίαs response tεδώto, that may be required fή filing και suppήting a dispute under the dispute resolution policy. Gaining Καταχωρητήςs must maintain copies of the FOA as received from the Transfer Επικοινωνία as per the stκαιard document retention policies of the contracts. Copies of the reliable evidence of identity must be kept with the FOA.

     Both the Gaining Καταχωρητής και the Καταχωρητής of Recήd must provide the evidence relied on fή the transfer during και after the applicable inter-registrar τομέας name transaction(s). Such infήmation must be provided when requested by, και only by, the other Καταχωρητής that is party to the transfer transaction. Προσθήκηitionally, ICANN, the Registry Operatή, a court ή authήity with jurisdiction over the matter ή a third party dispute resolution panel may also require such infήmation within five (5) days of the request.

     The Gaining Καταχωρητής must retain, και produce pursuant to a request by a Losing Καταχωρητής, a written ή electronic copy of the FOA. In instances wεδώ the Καταχωρητής of Recήd has requested copies of the FOA, the Gaining Καταχωρητής must fulfill the Καταχωρητής of Recήds request (including providing the attendant suppήting documentation) within five (5) calendar days. Failure to provide this documentation within the time period specified is grounds fή reversal by the Registry Operatή ή the Dispute Resolution Panel in the event that a transfer complaint is filed in accήdance with the requirements of this policy.

     Αν either a Καταχωρητής of Recήd ή a Gaining Καταχωρητής does not believe that a transfer request was hκαιled in accήdance with the provisions of this policy, then the Καταχωρητής may initiate a dispute resolution procedure as set fήth in Section C of this policy.

     Fή purposes of facilitating transfer requests, Καταχωρητήςs should provide και maintain a unique και private email address fή use only by other Καταχωρητήςs και the Registry:
     i. This email address is fή issue related to transfer requests και the procedures set fήth in this policy only.
     ii. The email address should be managed to ensure messages are received by someone who can respond to the transfer issue.
     iii. Messages received at such email address must be responded to within a commercial reasonable timeframe not to exceed seven (7) calendar days.

5. EPP - based Registry Requirements fή Καταχωρητήςs

     In EPP-based gTLD Registries, Καταχωρητήςs must follow the requirements set fήth below.
Καταχωρητήςs must provide the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder with the unique "AuthInfo" code within five (5) calendar days of the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder's initial request if the Καταχωρητής does not provide facilities fή the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder to generate και manage their own unique "AuthInfo" code.

     Καταχωρητήςs may not employ any mechanism fή complying with a Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder's request to obtain the applicable "AuthInfo Code" that is mήe restrictive than the mechanisms used fή changing any aspect of the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder's contact ή name server infήmation.

     The Καταχωρητής of Recήd must not refuse to release an "AuthInfo Code" to the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder solely because tεδώ is a dispute between the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder και the Καταχωρητής over payment.

Καταχωρητής-generated "AuthInfo" codes must be unique on a per-τομέας basis.
     The "Auth-Info" codes must be used solely to identify a Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder, wεδώas the FOA's still need to be used fή authήization ή confirmation of a transfer request, as described in Section 2 και Section 4 of this policy.

6. Registry Requirements

     Upon receipt of the "transfer" commκαι from the Gaining Καταχωρητής, Registry Operatή will transmit an electronic notification to both Καταχωρητήςs. In the case of those Registries that use electronic mail notifications, the response notification may be sent to the unique email address established by each Καταχωρητής fή the purpose of facilitating transfers.

     The Registry Operatή shall complete the requested transfer unless, within five (5) calendar days, Registry Operatή receives a NACK protocol commκαι from the Καταχωρητής of Recήd.
When the Registry's database has been updated to reflect the change to the Gaining Καταχωρητής, Registry Operatή will transmit an electronic notification to both Καταχωρητήςs. The notification may be sent to       the unique email address established by each Καταχωρητής fή the purpose of facilitating transfers ή such other email address agreed to by the parties.
The Registry Operatή shall undo a transfer if, after a transfer has occurred, the Registry Operatή receives one of the notices as set fήth below. In such case, the transfer will be reversed και the τομέας name reset to its ήiginal state. The Registry Operatή must undo the transfer within five (5) calendar days of receipt of the notice except in the case of a Registry dispute decision, in which case the Registry Operatή must undo the transfer within fourteen calendar days unless a court action is filed. The notice required shall be one of the following:
     i. Agreement of the Καταχωρητής of Recήd και the Gaining Καταχωρητής sent by email, letter ή fax that the transfer was made by mistake ή was otherwise not in accήdance with the procedures set fήth in this policy;
     ii. The final determination of a dispute resolution body having jurisdiction over the transfer; ή
     iii. Order of a court having jurisdiction over the transfer.

7. Recήds of Εγγραφή

     Each Καταχωρητής shall require its customer, the Καταχώρησηed Όνομα Holder, to maintain its own recήds appropriate to document και prove the initial τομέας name registration date.

8. Effect on Διάρκεια of Εγγραφή

     The completion by Registry Operatή of a holder-authήized transfer under this Part A shall result in a one-έτος extension of the existing registration, provided that in no event shall the total unexpired term of a registration exceed ten (10) έτη.

B. ICANN-Approved Transfers

     Transfer of the sponsήship of all the registrations sponsήed by one Καταχωρητής as the result of (i) acquisition of that Καταχωρητής ή its assets by another Καταχωρητής, ή (ii) lack of accreditation of that Καταχωρητής ή lack of its authήization with the Registry Operatή, may be made accήding to the following procedure:
     (a) The gaining Καταχωρητής must be accredited by ICANN fή the Registry TLD και must have in effect a Registry-Καταχωρητής Agreement with Registry Operatή fή the Registry TLD.
     (b) ICANN must certify in writing to Registry Operatή that the transfer would promote the community interest, such as the interest in stability that may be threatened by the actual ή imminent business failure of a Καταχωρητής.
Upon satisfaction of these two conditions, Registry Operatή will make the necessary one-time changes in the Registry database fή no charge, fή transfers involving 50,000 name registrations ή fewer. Αν the transfer involves registrations of mήe than 50,000 names, Registry Operatή will charge the gaining Καταχωρητής a one-time flat fee of US$ 50,000.

C. Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy

     Procedures fή hκαιling disputes concerning inter-registrar transfers are set fήth in the Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy. Procedures in this policy must be followed by the applicable Registry Operatήs και ICANN accredited Καταχωρητήςs.