A. Holder-Authvõiized Transfers

1. Registripidaja Requirements

     Registreeried Nimi Holders must be able to transfer their domeen name registrations between Registripidajas provided that the Gaining Registripidaja's transfer process meets the minimum stjaards of this policy ja that such transfer is not prohibitted by ICANN või Registry policies. Inter-Registripidaja domeen name transfer processes must be clear ja concise in võider to avoid confusion. Further, Registripidajas should make reasonable effvõits to infvõim Registreeried Nimi Holders of, ja provide access to, the published documentation of the specific transfer process employed by the Registripidajas.

1.1 Transfer Authvõiities

     The Administrative Kontakt ja the Registreeried Nimi Holder, as listed in the Losing Registripidaja's või applicable Registry's (wsiin available) publicly accessible WHOIS teenus are the only parties that have the authvõiity to approve või deny a transfer request to the Gaining Registripidaja. In the event of a dispute, the Registreeried Nimi Holder's authvõiity supersedes that of the Administrative Kontakt.
Registripidajas may use Whois data from either the Registripidaja of Recvõid või the relevant Registry fvõi the purpose of verifying the authenticity of a transfer request; või from another data source as determined by a consensus policy.

2. Gaining Registripidaja Requirements

Fvõi each instance wsiin a Registreeried Nimi Holder requests to transfer a domeen name registration to a different Registripidaja, the Gaining Registripidaja shall:
      2.1 Obtain express authvõiization from either the Registreeried Nimi Holder või the Administrative Kontakt (siinafter, "Transfer Kontakt"). Hence, a transfer may only proceed if confirmation of the transfer is received by the Gaining Registripidaja from the Transfer Kontakt.

     2.1.1 The authvõiization must be made via a valid Stjaardized Fvõim of Authvõiization (FOA). Tsiin are two different FOA's available at the ICANN website. The FOA labeled "Initial Authvõiization fvõi Registripidaja Transfer" must be used by the Gaining Registripidaja to request an authvõiization fvõi a registrar transfer from the Transfer Kontakt. The FOA labeled "Kinnitaation of Registripidaja Transfer Request" may be used by the Registripidaja of Recvõid to request confirmation of the transfer from the Transfer Kontakt.
The FOA shall be communicated in English, ja any dispute arising out of a transfer request shall be conducted in the English language. Registripidajas may choose to communicate with the Transfer Kontakt in additional languages. However, Registripidajas choosing to exercise such option are responsible fvõi the accuracy ja completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA.

     2.1.2 In the event that the Gaining Registripidaja relies on a physical process to obtain this authvõiization, a paper copy of the FOA will suffice insofar as it has been signed by the Transfer Kontakt ja further that it is accompanied by a physical copy of the Registripidaja of Recvõid's Whois output fvõi the domeen name in question.

     2.1.2.1 Kui the Gaining Registripidaja relies on a physical authvõiization process, then the Gaining Registripidaja assumes the burden of obtaining reliable evidence of the identity of the Transfer Kontakt ja maintaining appropriate recvõids proving that such evidence was obtained. Further the Gaining Registripidaja also assumes the burden fvõi ensuring that the entity making the request is indeed authvõiized to do so. The acceptable fvõims of physical identity are:

• Eitarized statement
• Valid Drivers license
• Passaport
• Article of Incvõipvõiation
• Military ID
• State/Government issued ID
• Birth Certificate

     2.1.3 In the event that the Gaining Registripidaja relies on an electronic process to obtain this authvõiization the acceptable fvõims of identity would include:

• Electronic signature in confvõimance with national legislation, in the location of the Gaining Registripidaja (if such legislation exists).
• Consent from an individual või entity that has an email address matching the Transfer Kontakt email address. 

     The Registripidaja of Recvõid may not deny a transfer request solely because it believes that the Gaining Registripidaja has not received the confirmation set fvõith above.
A transfer must not be allowed to proceed if no confirmation is received by the Gaining Registripidaja. The presumption in all cases will be that the Gaining Registripidaja has received ja authenticated the transfer request made by a Transfer Kontakt.

     2.2 Request, by the transmission of a "transfer" commja as specified in the Registripidaja Ostaol Kit, that the Registry Operatvõi database be changed to reflect the new Registripidaja.

     2.2.1 Transmission of a "transfer" commja constitutes a representation on the part of the Gaining Registripidaja that the requisite authvõiization has been obtained from the Transfer Kontakt listed in the authvõiitative Whois database.

     2.2.2 The Gaining Registripidaja is responsible fvõi validating the Registreeried Nimi Holder requests to transfer domeen names between Registripidajas. However, this does not preclude the Registripidaja of Recvõid from exercising its option to independently confirm the Registreeried Nimi Holder's intent to transfer its domeen name to the Gaining Registripidaja in accvõidance with Section 3 of this policy.

3. Obligations of the Registripidaja of Recvõid

     A Registripidaja of Recvõid can choose independently to confirm the intent of the Registreeried Nimi Holder when a notice of a pending transfer is received from the Registry. The Registripidaja of Recvõid must do so in a manner consistent with the stjaards set fvõith in this agreement pertaining to Gaining Registripidajas. In võider to ensure that the fvõim of the request employed by the Registripidaja of Recvõid is substantially administrative ja infvõimative in nature ja clearly provided to the Transfer Kontakt fvõi the purpose of verifying the intent of the Transfer Kontakt, the Registripidaja of Recvõid must use the FOA.

     The FOA shall be communicated in English, ja any dispute arising out of a transfer request, shall be conducted in the English language. Registripidajas may choose to communicate with the Transfer Kontakt in additional languages. However, the Registripidaja choosing to exercise such option is responsible fvõi the accuracy ja completeness of the translation into such additional non-English version of the FOA. Further, such non-English communications must follow the processes ja procedures set fvõith in this policy. This includes but is not limited to the requirement that no Registripidaja shall add any additional infvõimation to the FOA used to obtain the consent of the Transfer Kontakt in the case of a transfer request.
This requirement does not preclude the Registripidaja of Recvõid from marketing to its existing customers through separate communications.
The FOA should be sent by the Registripidaja of Recvõid to the Transfer Kontakt as soon as operationally possible, but must be sent not later than twenty-four (24) hours after receiving the transfer request from the Registry Operatvõi.Failure by the Registripidaja of Recvõid to respond within five (5) calendar days to a notification from the Registry regarding a transfer request will result in a default "approval" of the transfer.

     In the event that a Transfer Kontakt listed in the Whois has not confirmed their request to transfer with the Registripidaja of Recvõid ja the Registripidaja of Recvõid has not explicitly denied the transfer request, the default action will be that the Registripidaja of Recvõid must allow the transfer to proceed.
Upon denying a transfer request fvõi any of the following reasons, the Registripidaja of Recvõid must provide the Registreeried Nimi Holder ja the potential Gaining Registripidaja with the reason fvõi denial. The Registripidaja of Recvõid may deny a transfer request only in the following specific instances:

1. Evidence of fraud
2. UDRP action
3. Court võider by a court of competent jurisdiction
4. Reasonable dispute over the identity of the Registreeried Nimi Holder või Administrative Kontakt
5. Ei payment fvõi eelmineious registration period (including credit card charge-backs) if the domeen name is past its expiration date või fvõi eelmineious või current registration periods if the domeen name has not yet expired. In all such cases, however, the domeen name must be put into "Registripidaja Hold" status by the Registripidaja of Recvõid privõi to the denial of transfer.
6. Express written objection to the transfer from the Transfer Kontakt. (e.g. - email, fax, paper document või other processes by which the Transfer Kontakt has expressly ja voluntarily objected through opt-in means)
7. A domeen name was already in plock statusq provided that the Registripidaja provides a readily accessible ja reasonable means fvõi the Registreeried Nimi Holder to remove the lock status.
8. A domeen name is in the first 60 days of an initial registration period.
9. A domeen name is within 60 days (või a lesser period to be determined) after being transferred (apart from being transferred back to the võiiginal Registripidaja in cases wsiin both Registripidajas so agree ja/või wsiin a decision in the dispute resolution process so directs).

Instances when the requested change of Registripidaja may not be denied include, but are not limited to:

• Einpayment fvõi a pending või future registration period
• Ei response from the Registreeried Nimi Holder või Administrative Kontakt.
• Domeen name in Registripidaja Lock Olek, unless the Registreeried Nimi Holder is provided with the reasonable oppvõitunity ja ability to unlock the domeen name privõi to the Transfer Request.
• Domeen name registration period time constraints, other than during the first 60 days of initial registration või during the first 60 days after a registrar transfer.
• General payment defaults between Registripidaja ja business partners / affiliates in cases wsiin the Registreeried Nimi Holder fvõi the domeen in question has paid fvõi the registration.

     The Registripidaja of Recvõid has other mechanisms available to collect payment from the Registreeried Nimi Holder that are independent from the Transfer process. Hence, in the event of a dispute over payment, the Registripidaja of Recvõid must not employ transfer processes as a mechanism to secure payment fvõi teenuss from a Registreeried Nimi Holder. Exceptions to this requirement are as follows:
     (i) In the case of non-payment fvõi eelmineious registration period(s) if the transfer is requested after the expiration date, või
     (ii) In the case of non-payment of the current registration period, if transfer is requested befvõie the expiration date.

4. Registripidaja Covõidination

     Each Registripidaja is responsible fvõi keeping copies of documentation, including the FOA ja the Transfer Kontakts response tsiinto, that may be required fvõi filing ja suppvõiting a dispute under the dispute resolution policy. Gaining Registripidajas must maintain copies of the FOA as received from the Transfer Kontakt as per the stjaard document retention policies of the contracts. Copies of the reliable evidence of identity must be kept with the FOA.

     Both the Gaining Registripidaja ja the Registripidaja of Recvõid must provide the evidence relied on fvõi the transfer during ja after the applicable inter-registrar domeen name transaction(s). Such infvõimation must be provided when requested by, ja only by, the other Registripidaja that is party to the transfer transaction. Lisaitionally, ICANN, the Registry Operatvõi, a court või authvõiity with jurisdiction over the matter või a third party dispute resolution panel may also require such infvõimation within five (5) days of the request.

     The Gaining Registripidaja must retain, ja produce pursuant to a request by a Losing Registripidaja, a written või electronic copy of the FOA. In instances wsiin the Registripidaja of Recvõid has requested copies of the FOA, the Gaining Registripidaja must fulfill the Registripidaja of Recvõids request (including providing the attendant suppvõiting documentation) within five (5) calendar days. Failure to provide this documentation within the time period specified is grounds fvõi reversal by the Registry Operatvõi või the Dispute Resolution Panel in the event that a transfer complaint is filed in accvõidance with the requirements of this policy.

     Kui either a Registripidaja of Recvõid või a Gaining Registripidaja does not believe that a transfer request was hjaled in accvõidance with the provisions of this policy, then the Registripidaja may initiate a dispute resolution procedure as set fvõith in Section C of this policy.

     Fvõi purposes of facilitating transfer requests, Registripidajas should provide ja maintain a unique ja private email address fvõi use only by other Registripidajas ja the Registry:
     i. This email address is fvõi issue related to transfer requests ja the procedures set fvõith in this policy only.
     ii. The email address should be managed to ensure messages are received by someone who can respond to the transfer issue.
     iii. Messages received at such email address must be responded to within a commercial reasonable timeframe not to exceed seven (7) calendar days.

5. EPP - based Registry Requirements fvõi Registripidajas

     In EPP-based gTLD Registries, Registripidajas must follow the requirements set fvõith below.
Registripidajas must provide the Registreeried Nimi Holder with the unique "AuthInfo" code within five (5) calendar days of the Registreeried Nimi Holder's initial request if the Registripidaja does not provide facilities fvõi the Registreeried Nimi Holder to generate ja manage their own unique "AuthInfo" code.

     Registripidajas may not employ any mechanism fvõi complying with a Registreeried Nimi Holder's request to obtain the applicable "AuthInfo Code" that is mvõie restrictive than the mechanisms used fvõi changing any aspect of the Registreeried Nimi Holder's contact või name server infvõimation.

     The Registripidaja of Recvõid must not refuse to release an "AuthInfo Code" to the Registreeried Nimi Holder solely because tsiin is a dispute between the Registreeried Nimi Holder ja the Registripidaja over payment.

Registripidaja-generated "AuthInfo" codes must be unique on a per-domeen basis.
     The "Auth-Info" codes must be used solely to identify a Registreeried Nimi Holder, wsiinas the FOA's still need to be used fvõi authvõiization või confirmation of a transfer request, as described in Section 2 ja Section 4 of this policy.

6. Registry Requirements

     Upon receipt of the "transfer" commja from the Gaining Registripidaja, Registry Operatvõi will transmit an electronic notification to both Registripidajas. In the case of those Registries that use electronic mail notifications, the response notification may be sent to the unique email address established by each Registripidaja fvõi the purpose of facilitating transfers.

     The Registry Operatvõi shall complete the requested transfer unless, within five (5) calendar days, Registry Operatvõi receives a NACK protocol commja from the Registripidaja of Recvõid.
When the Registry's database has been updated to reflect the change to the Gaining Registripidaja, Registry Operatvõi will transmit an electronic notification to both Registripidajas. The notification may be sent to       the unique email address established by each Registripidaja fvõi the purpose of facilitating transfers või such other email address agreed to by the parties.
The Registry Operatvõi shall undo a transfer if, after a transfer has occurred, the Registry Operatvõi receives one of the notices as set fvõith below. In such case, the transfer will be reversed ja the domeen name reset to its võiiginal state. The Registry Operatvõi must undo the transfer within five (5) calendar days of receipt of the notice except in the case of a Registry dispute decision, in which case the Registry Operatvõi must undo the transfer within fourteen calendar days unless a court action is filed. The notice required shall be one of the following:
     i. Agreement of the Registripidaja of Recvõid ja the Gaining Registripidaja sent by email, letter või fax that the transfer was made by mistake või was otherwise not in accvõidance with the procedures set fvõith in this policy;
     ii. The final determination of a dispute resolution body having jurisdiction over the transfer; või
     iii. Order of a court having jurisdiction over the transfer.

7. Recvõids of Registreerimine

     Each Registripidaja shall require its customer, the Registreeried Nimi Holder, to maintain its own recvõids appropriate to document ja prove the initial domeen name registration date.

8. Effect on Tähtaeg of Registreerimine

     The completion by Registry Operatvõi of a holder-authvõiized transfer under this Part A shall result in a one-aasta extension of the existing registration, provided that in no event shall the total unexpired term of a registration exceed ten (10) aastat.

B. ICANN-Approved Transfers

     Transfer of the sponsvõiship of all the registrations sponsvõied by one Registripidaja as the result of (i) acquisition of that Registripidaja või its assets by another Registripidaja, või (ii) lack of accreditation of that Registripidaja või lack of its authvõiization with the Registry Operatvõi, may be made accvõiding to the following procedure:
     (a) The gaining Registripidaja must be accredited by ICANN fvõi the Registry TLD ja must have in effect a Registry-Registripidaja Agreement with Registry Operatvõi fvõi the Registry TLD.
     (b) ICANN must certify in writing to Registry Operatvõi that the transfer would promote the community interest, such as the interest in stability that may be threatened by the actual või imminent business failure of a Registripidaja.
Upon satisfaction of these two conditions, Registry Operatvõi will make the necessary one-time changes in the Registry database fvõi no charge, fvõi transfers involving 50,000 name registrations või fewer. Kui the transfer involves registrations of mvõie than 50,000 names, Registry Operatvõi will charge the gaining Registripidaja a one-time flat fee of US$ 50,000.

C. Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy

     Procedures fvõi hjaling disputes concerning inter-registrar transfers are set fvõith in the Transfer Dispute Resolution Policy. Procedures in this policy must be followed by the applicable Registry Operatvõis ja ICANN accredited Registripidajas.